1. Thermal Expansion
• What happens: Synthetic materials expand as they absorb heat. This can lead to warping, cracking, or deformation, especially in low-quality plastics.
• Why it matters: Repeated exposure to the intense sun in places like Scottsdale can weaken the structural integrity of synthetic furniture.
2. UV Degradation (Photodegradation)
• What happens: Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun breaks down the molecular bonds within the synthetic material. This process, called photooxidation, leads to:
• Fading or discoloration as pigments break down.
• Surface cracking and brittleness as the material loses flexibility.
• Weakening of the polymer structure over time.
• Key reaction: UV radiation causes free radicals to form in the polymer chains, which then react with oxygen in the air, accelerating degradation.
• Why it matters: Even UV-stabilized plastics eventually degrade under prolonged exposure, losing their aesthetic and functional qualities.
3. Off-Gassing
• What happens: When synthetic materials heat up, they can release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into the air. These are chemicals used in the production of plastics, such as:
• Plasticizers (to make the material flexible).
• Stabilizers (to prevent degradation).
• Additives like dyes or UV inhibitors.
• Health concerns: Some VOCs can cause respiratory irritation, headaches, or other health issues, especially in enclosed spaces.
4. Chemical Breakdown
• What happens: High temperatures can accelerate the breakdown of synthetic polymers, leading to:
• Chain scission: The breaking of long polymer chains into shorter ones, reducing strength and flexibility.
• Cross-linking: In some cases, heat can cause polymer chains to bond together, making the material brittle and prone to cracking.
• Example reaction: In polyethylene (a common plastic in synthetic rattan), heat and UV exposure can lead to the formation of carbonyl groups (-C=O), which further degrade the material.
5. Surface Changes
• What happens: Prolonged heat can cause the surface of synthetic materials to become rough, chalky, or sticky as the outermost layers degrade.
• Why it matters: This reduces the visual appeal of synthetic furniture and can create microplastics that flake off and pollute the environment.
6. Microplastic Shedding
• What happens: As synthetic materials degrade under heat and UV exposure, small particles (microplastics) can shed into the environment.
• Why it matters: These microplastics contribute to long-term environmental pollution and can be harmful to ecosystems.
Long-Term Impact
In regions with high heat and UV exposure, like Scottsdale, synthetic materials often degrade faster than anticipated, leading to:
• Loss of functionality: Cracks, brittleness, and warping compromise the usability of synthetic furniture.
• Aesthetic decline: Fading, chalkiness, and discoloration reduce the visual appeal.
• Environmental harm: Degraded plastics release VOCs and microplastics, which persist in the environment.
By contrast, natural materials like rattan don’t off-gas harmful chemicals or release microplastics as they age. They biodegrade naturally and gracefully, making them a healthier and more sustainable choice for both people and the planet.
